balcony

borrowed from Italian balcone, earlier also "window (opening), bay window," probably, via the sense "board closing a window, shutter" (as in Upper Italian —15th-century Venetian— balchon "window shutter"), from balc- (borrowed from Langobardic *balkōn "beam," going back to Germanic) + -one, noun suffix, going back to Latin -ō, -ōn-, suffix of nouns denoting persons with a prominent feature — more at balk entry 2

Note: The Germanic n-stem *balkōn has been adapted to Italo-Romance by means of the suffix -one; parallel adaptations are Italian gherone "gusset, gore," going back, via Langobardic, to Germanic *gaizōn "wedge, flap of a garment" (see gore entry 1); magone (early and regional) "stomach, gizzard," going back to Germanic *magōn "stomach." Balcone in the sense "window" is attested in literary Tuscan since Boccaccio (1341) and persists into the twentieth century most strongly in dialects of the northeast (Veneto, Trentino, Friuli—see Lessico etimologico italiano, Germanismi, vol. 1); attestations in Medieval Latin go back to the twelfth century or earlier. Presumably this meaning is an extension from earlier "shutter," attested in a narrower range of Upper Italian dialects and going back to the fifteenth century in a Venetian text. H. and R. Kahane ("Balcone, the Window," Romance Philology, vol. 30, no. 4 [May, 1977], pp. 565-73) take "board closing a glassless window opening" as the original Langobardic meaning. Note in this regard balcón "trapdoor in the floor of a hayloft" in a dialect of Ticino, with comparable forms and senses in Ladin. A different angle appears to be followed by the Lessico, which points to the meaning "plank floor" (ballatoio), attested as Upper Italian balcon (thirteenth century), Genoese barcon (before 1311), and Piedmontese balcon (thirteenth century). The sense "plank floor" would then have hypothetically been extended to "window sill" (which would have been at or slightly above the level of the floor), and then "window opening." The Lessico records the sense "balcony" in the vernacular in 1312, though Latin forms of the word—in either the sense "balcony" or "opening for a window, bay"— are significantly earlier; according to the Kahanes, who believed balcones was broadcast through western Europe by the Cluniac reforms, they can be dated to the tenth century in England, though this would be earlier than Italian records. The later promulgation of the Italian word to European languages in the quite specific sense "balcony" was a product of the Renaissance and the influence of Italian architecture.