confound

verb

con·​found kən-ˈfau̇nd How to pronounce confound (audio)
kän-
confounded; confounding; confounds

transitive verb

1
: to throw (a person) into confusion or perplexity
tactics to confound the enemy
2
a
: refute
sought to confound his arguments
b
: to put to shame : discomfit
a performance that confounded the critics
3
: damn
4
a
: to fail to discern differences between : mix up
They implored Charles not to confound the innocent with the guilty …T. B. Macaulay
b
: to increase the confusion of
5
a
: baffle, frustrate
Conferences … are not for accomplishment but to confound knavish tricks.John Kenneth Galbraith
b
archaic : to bring to ruin : destroy
6
obsolete : consume, waste
confounder noun
confoundingly adverb
Choose the Right Synonym for confound

puzzle, perplex, bewilder, distract, nonplus, confound, dumbfound mean to baffle and disturb mentally.

puzzle implies existence of a problem difficult to solve.

the persistent fever puzzled the doctor

perplex adds a suggestion of worry and uncertainty especially about making a necessary decision.

a behavior that perplexed her friends

bewilder stresses a confusion of mind that hampers clear and decisive thinking.

a bewildering number of possibilities

distract implies agitation or uncertainty induced by conflicting preoccupations or interests.

distracted by personal problems

nonplus implies a bafflement that makes orderly planning or deciding impossible.

the remark left us utterly nonplussed

confound implies temporary mental paralysis caused by astonishment or profound abasement.

the tragic news confounded us all

dumbfound suggests intense but momentary confounding; often the idea of astonishment is so stressed that it becomes a near synonym of astound.

was at first too dumbfounded to reply

Examples of confound in a Sentence

The strategy confounded our opponents. The murder case has confounded investigators. The school's team confounded all predictions and won the game. The success of the show confounded critics.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
On Sunday night, Yeezy bought Super Bowl ad time in local markets, and a confounding, short spot for the brand aired toward the big game’s conclusion. Kevin Dolak, The Hollywood Reporter, 11 Feb. 2025 Mixed media artist Zhou constructs mutating digital landscapes that confound classical notions of scale, composition, and visual realism. Samantha Bergeson, IndieWire, 10 Feb. 2025 Their tournament profile is as wobbly as the defense that has confounded coach Mark Few for weeks. Jon Wilner, The Mercury News, 3 Feb. 2025 They were strung out, seeking help, and fell into a confounding dystopia. Teri Sforza, Orange County Register, 27 Jan. 2025 See all Example Sentences for confound 

Word History

Etymology

Middle English confounden "to defeat, destroy, frustrate, bewilder," borrowed from Anglo-French confondre, going back to Latin confundere "to pour together, blend, bring into disorder, destroy, disconcert," from con- con- + fundere "to pour, shed" — more at found entry 5

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 5b

Time Traveler
The first known use of confound was in the 14th century

Dictionary Entries Near confound

Cite this Entry

“Confound.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/confound. Accessed 20 Feb. 2025.

Kids Definition

confound

verb
con·​found kən-ˈfau̇nd How to pronounce confound (audio)
kän-
1
2
: to throw into disorder : mix up : confuse
our clever tactics confounded our opponents
confoundedly adverb

More from Merriam-Webster on confound

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