1
: either of two retroviruses (species Human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 of the genus Lentivirus) that infect and destroy helper T cells of the immune system and that when left untreated cause AIDS

Note: HIV retroviruses are transmitted through contact with blood, semen, rectal and vaginal fluids, or breast milk and typically cause flu-like symptoms during the acute phase of infection, but often cause few or no symptoms during the chronic phase of infection when treated with antiretroviral drugs.

… the longer people are infected with HIV and the more immune-deficient they become, the more readily they seem to pass HIV to others.Robert R. Redfield et al.
Years of careful research have proven beyond doubt that the HIV virus causes AIDS, that antiretroviral drug treatment saves lives, and that the drug nevirapine is safe and effective in preventing the spread of HIV from mothers to their babies.Richard Marlink et al.

called also AIDS virus, human immunodeficiency virus

compare hiv-1, hiv-2
2
: the infection or disease caused by HIV
Early symptoms of HIV develop in 50 to 90 percent of people who are infected, usually beginning two to four weeks after exposure. … Because the signs and symptoms of … HIV may be similar to other common illnesses, such as mononucleosis, most people do not initially realize that they have HIV.Paul E. Sax

Examples of HIV in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
The State Department responded by saying most of USAID's programs on HIV, known as PEPFAR, remained operational. Arkansas Online, 31 May 2025 Researchers estimate that without U.S. global health programs, an additional 1 million children will be infected with HIV over the next five years, with 500,000 dying from AIDS and 2.8 million becoming orphaned. Tima Bansal, Forbes.com, 30 May 2025 Burton warned that their HIV vaccine research could not simply be turned back on, even if a future administration decided to change course on HIV funding. Melissa Gaffney, CBS News, 30 May 2025 During the early years of the AIDS epidemic in the 1990s, when over 10% of the male population in Lima was infected by HIV, members of this community sought the protection of La Virgen de la Puerta for their physical health. Caitlin Cipolla-McCulloch, The Conversation, 29 May 2025 See All Example Sentences for HIV

Word History

First Known Use

1986, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of HIV was in 1986

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Cite this Entry

“HIV.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/HIV. Accessed 3 Jun. 2025.

Kids Definition

: any of a group of viruses that infect and destroy helper T cells causing the marked reduction in their numbers that is diagnostic of AIDS

Medical Definition

1
: either of two retroviruses (species Human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 of the genus Lentivirus) that infect and destroy helper T cells of the immune system and that when left untreated cause AIDS

Note: HIV retroviruses are transmitted through contact with blood, semen, rectal and vaginal fluids, or breast milk and typically cause flu-like symptoms during the acute phase of infection, but often cause few or no symptoms during the chronic phase of infection when treated with antiretroviral drugs.

called also AIDS virus, human immunodeficiency virus

compare hiv-1, hiv-2
2
: the infection or disease caused by HIV
Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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