vixen

noun

vix·​en ˈvik-sən How to pronounce vixen (audio)
1
: a female fox
2
: a shrewish, ill-tempered woman
When Arabella called her a treacherous vixen and a heartless, profligate hussy, she spoke out freely, and said that she wasn't going to be abused.Anthony Trollope
3
informal : a sexually attractive woman
In this spy spoof, our hero, aided by a sexy vixen, … saves the world from a power-mad despot …Steven Rebello
vixenish adjective

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Vixens and Foxes

Vixen literally refers to a female fox, but it has two very distinctive extended meanings: “a shrew” and “a sexy woman.” How is it that the word took such semantically divergent paths?

The “combative, bad-tempered woman” sense has a very long history in our language, going back as far as the 16th century and extending well into the 20th. It may be found in Shakespeare and Swift as well as in latter-day descriptions of mothers-in-law and the names of gun boats. By mid-century, however, vixen begins to be used of glamorous and attractive women. Perhaps its application to female characters who combined combative and seductive qualities led to the word's reinterpretation. Or perhaps it was influenced by fox, another term for an attractive young woman that made its appearance in English around this time.

Examples of vixen in a Sentence

why anyone puts up with that vixen's sharp tongue is beyond me
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
With his entourage of ballers and video vixens, his retinue of security, his talent for curation, Puff was the ringmaster of relevancy, the pied piper of fun and the force at the very center of cultural power. Amy Dubois Barnett, The Hollywood Reporter, 4 Oct. 2024 At a baseline, video vixens confirmed that Black women deserve all of the episodic things shown in the music videos. Raquel Reichard, refinery29.com, 24 Sep. 2024 Those three vixens see the event as a chance to launch their influencer careers; they’re pressured to succeed by Annabelle’s ambitious stage mom, Janette (Wilson), who operates a salon called Curl Up N Dye out of her garage. Peter Debruge, Variety, 15 Sep. 2024 She’s dressed like an Old Hollywood vixen: wearing a sleek, tan trench coat paired with leather boots, oversized sunglasses and a headscarf. Patrick Ryan, USA TODAY, 9 Aug. 2024 See all Example Sentences for vixen 

Word History

Etymology

Middle English (southern dialect) *vixen, alteration of Middle English fixen, from Old English fyxe, feminine of fox

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of vixen was in the 15th century

Cite this Entry

“Vixen.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vixen. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.

Kids Definition

vixen

noun
vix·​en ˈvik-sən How to pronounce vixen (audio)
: a female fox

More from Merriam-Webster on vixen

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